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Life and works of Katherine Mansfield :
Katherine Mansfield (1888-1923) is considered one of the founders of modern English short story. In her writing she deals with the undeveloped and neglected society.
Katherine was born on October 14, 1888, in Wellington, the capital of New Zealand. Her father Sir Harold Beauchamp was a wealthy businessman. Katherine completed her early education at a school. Then her father sent her to England.
In The Queen's College, London she finished her education. London became her home of spirituality. She then returned to homeland i.e. New Zealand. At Wellington she started to study music. But the life in Wellington was quite dull in comparison with the cosmopolitan life in London. She was leading an unhappy life there and wished to return to London. And finally she was able to convince her father to give her money to go back to London.
For pursuing a literary career she went back to London in 1908. She had less experience of real life that is needed in writing. She married hastily in 1909 and parted away from her husband after a few days. She fell in love with another man by whom she became pregnant. Then she fled to Bavaria, Germany, to have the baby delivered but she gave birth to a stillborn child. All these bitter experiences of her life were reflected in the first volume of sketches - "In a German Pension" (1911). It was mainly satirical sketches of German characters.
In London Katherine met with John Middleton Murry who was an editor and critic. She began to contribute to "Rhythm" and "The Blue Review", two modernist magazines both edited by Murry. Katherine's many stories based on the childhood in New Zealand were published.From 1912 Katherine lived together with Murry without a formal marriage. She got the association of friends like D. H. Lawrence and Frieda. She was able to marry j. M. Murry in 1918 when her first husband divorced her. With Murry Katherine led a happy life.
In World War I, Katherine's brother Leslie died. This loss was so deeply felt that it drove her to write about their childhood days of New Zealand. In the year 1920 she published "Bliss and other stories". "Bliss" subtly 'dramatizes a woman whose ecstatic mood marks her fears'. By this time 'she was increasingly recognized as an original and experimental writer, whose stories were the first in English to show the influence of Chekov, whom she greatly admired.'
Third volume "The Golden Party and Other Stories" was published in 1922. "The Garden Party" is the story of a young girl's complex confrontation with death. She was suffering from tuberculosis and unfortunately died in the year 1923, on 12th January at the age of thirty-five. tabno
"The Dove's Nest (1923) which contains her famous short story "The Fly" and "Something Childish" (1924) were published posthumously.
H. E. Bates in his "The Modern Short Story" pointed out two techniques of Katherine's story telling. The first is that she 'saw the possibilities of telling the story by what was left out as much as what was left in, or alternately describing one set of events and consequences while really indicating another'. The second is that 'she delights in making her characters show their thoughts by a kind of mental soliloquy, fluttering, gossipy, breathless with question and answer'. And a third characteristic has been mentioned by Michael Thorpe. It is her 'sensuous aliveness by means of which she creates an intense atmosphere through clearly observed and suggestive detail'. Katherine depicts very ordinary, lonely often pathetic life of people.
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